BIM al lows us to support practices that have evolved over time and for which we didn't have adequate tools. We have to manage more and more experts and regulations, especially increasingly complex environmental ones. » Élodie Hochscheid, architect and researcher at the École de technologie supérieure, University of Quebec. « Faced with growing complexity, BIM has proved to be the go-to tool. BIMmakes it possible to structure, analyze and model all sorts of data, be it the choice of materials or the calculation of the environmental footprint, logistics or recovery of materials. At the start of the project, designers can anticipate costs, improve the energy performance of a structure or turn to more resilient materials. Beyond this design phase, BIM is essential for looking at the entire life cycle of the building. Thanks to detailed data and different simulations, the maintenance and deconstruction phases can be addressed from the beginning of the project. Widely used in the United States and Europe, BIM is also becoming more popular in Asia, in particular in China, which has adopted it on a massive scale since 2016. Flagship projects include the 632m Shanghai Tower, which was entirely designed in a BIM environment. It owes its asymmetrical and rounded shape to the various simulations carried out beforehand to model the force of the wind. The use of BIM also had a positive impact on construction time (it took 73 months to build 128 floors and 576,000 m2), an average reduction of 30% compared to a similar structure built without BIM. In Africa in general, and Morocco in particular, BIM is making a remarkable breakthrough. Reaching a height of 250m, the Mohammed VI Tower in Rabat – the highest in Morocco – meets LEED Gold and HQE international certifications. BIM enabled these environmental quality standards to be at the heart of the construction process from the beginning of the project. The other strengthof BIM is the sharingof information. Each stakeholder can refer to the digital model in real time and help to shape the project by adding their own data. This simultaneous collaboration improves site management, facilitates planning and optimizes coordination between different teams. BIM supports cooperation and project management, with each stakeholder having knowledge of project progress in real time through better sharing of information and better centralization of data: Digital twins for sustainable construction Similar to BIM, digital twin technology creates a perfect virtual replica of a product, building, infrastructure or process. To bring this digital clone into being, data must first be collected in the real world, via the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart sensors. Powered by artificial intelligence, a virtual representation of the physical object is then created. The value of this approach in the design, operation or end of life phase of a building, quickly becomes clear. At the start of the project, the digital twin will analyze the entire life cycle of the selected materials, modeling their environmental impact. 56 SAINT-GOBAIN
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